Culture

The chopsticks make a sacred boundary/箸は結界

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Pocket

日本語は英語の後にあります。

Did you know that the chopsticks have another use aside from holding food?

Here in Japan, the chopsticks are set horizontally between you and your meals.

Why do Japanese people do that?
When did this practice start?

Sacred Boundary

Food is recognized as a sacred thing that Kami give to human beings.

Kami: this is the Japanese term for the Shinto deities. According to Shinto belief, Kami exists everywhere, such as mountains, rocks, water, fire, a grain of rice and so on.

So, we prepare food in front of us and put the chopsticks between us and our meals.
It means that the chopsticks work as the sacred boundary to separate the sacred natural world from our real world.

Before we start eating meals, we say “Itadakimasu” in Japanese.
Actually, this Japanese term is very difficult to translated into English.
It means that we appreciate Kami, nature, mothers or cooks and all the people that provide these meals.
It’s also an appreciation for the living creatures such as fishes, chickens and pigs and so on which sacrifice themselves in order for human beings to survive.
That is to say, “I appreciate that I will get the blessings of nature change into my own life” was omitted and became “Iappreciate…=Itadakimasu”.

After saying “Itadakimasu”, we break the sacred boundary by holding the chopsticks and start eating meals.

The Japanese word for the chopsticks is “hashi“, which is the homonym of the word “hashi”, which means bridge. 
Once the meals has started, the sacred natural world and our real world seem to be connected by the bridge(the chopsticks).
That’s why the chopsticks may be called the same pronunciation of the bridge.

Block any Evil Sprits

In the old days, people were afraid of the evil spirits which caused the problems, epidemic, calamity and so on.
And sometimes the evil spirits were considered to reside in the human beings’ negative and mean thoughts and manipulate people into doing the wrong things.
Since they are invisible, people tried to drive away the evil spirits by making sounds and using plants’ spiritual power and their scents.
A good example is the fireworks display.

Eating food is one of the dangerous opportunities to encounter the evil spirits.
People tend to be obsessed with food.
And most of them can not control their desires to enjoy delicious food.
The evil spirits love not only the food itself but also people’s obsession of food .
So, in order not to be possessed by the evil spirits, people should start using the chopsticks.
Which means, the chopsticks would block any evil sprits.

Japanese people seem to have inherited so many traditions and practices since the ancient times to protect themselves from the prosperous but sometimes awful world.

Here is also popular theory.
It’s said to be rude when the sharp parts of the chopsticks are pointed to someone who is seated in front of you.
So, we don’t set the chopsticks vertically.

FYI, the rice bowl is placed on the left side, while the soup bowl is placed on the right side (see the photo below).

As you may remember, left was considered as the higher position in Japan. (->Which Position is Higher ? Right? or Left?/左右どっちが偉い?)
This is a proof that our staple food, rice, has been considered highly precious since the old days.

As Japanese people have practiced the chopsticks for a long time, this setting is deeply ingrained among us.

So, Japanese people would keep doing the same way for another 1000 years.
Don’t you think so? 

Does your country have any traditional table manners?
We’d love to know it.
Why don’t you share it?

【Translation for language learners of either English or Japanese】/英語・日本語学習者向け翻訳 えいご ・  にほんごがくしゅうしゃむ  ほんやく

箸は食べ物を掴む以外の用途があるのを知っていましたか。

日本では、箸は、自分と食事との間に並行に置かれます。

なぜ日本人はそうするのでしょうか。
いつから、この習慣が始まったのでしょうか。

神聖な結界

食べ物は、様から人間に与えられた神聖なものとされています。

神道では、神様は山や岩、水、火、お米などありとあらゆる所に宿ると考えられています。

ですから、配膳の時に、我々と食事との間に箸を置きます。
箸が、神聖な自然界と我々の実世界を分ける聖なる境界線として機能しています。

食事を始める前に、『いただきます』と言います。
この日本語は実は、英訳する事がとても難しい単語です。
神様、自然の恵み、母や料理人などのこれら食事を作ってくれた全ての人に感謝する意味が込められています。
また魚や鶏、豚など人間が生きるために自らを犠牲にしてくれる全ての生き物に対する感謝でもあります。
つまり、『自然界の恵みを自らの命に変えさせて頂きます』が省略されて、『頂きます』というようになったとも言われています。

『いただきます』と言ってから、箸を手に取り神聖な境界を越えて、食事を始めます。

日本語の箸は、橋と同音異義語です。
一旦、食事が始まると神聖な自然な霊界と我々の世界が、橋(箸)で繋がれた(和)ようになります。
だから、箸は、橋と同じ音なのかもしれません。

悪霊退散

昔、人々は問題や疫病、災害などを引き起こす悪霊を恐れていました。
時として、人々の悲観的で卑しい考えに悪霊が住みつき、誤った行動をさせられてしまうと考えられていました。
悪霊は目に見えませんから、人々は、音を立てたり、植物のもつ霊的な力やにおいを使って悪霊を追い払おうとしました。
良い例が、花火です。

食事を摂ることは、悪霊に出会ってしまう危険な機会の一つでもあったのです。
人々は、食べ物の虜になりがちです。
そして、ほとんどの人が、美味しいものを食べたいという欲求を制御することができません。
悪霊は食べ物も好きですが、人間の食べ物への執着も好きなのです(食べ物に魔が付くとも表現されます)。
魔に取り憑かれないように、手掴みでなく箸を使うようになりました。
箸は、魔が取り付くのを防いでくれます。

日本人は、豊かではあるが時として恐ろしい世界から身を守るため、古代より多くの伝統や習慣を引き継いできたようです。

また暗黙の了解があります。
箸の尖った方を目の前に座った方に向ける事は失礼だといわれています。
ですから、日本では箸は、垂直には置きません。

ちなみに、ご飯茶碗は左に、汁椀は右に置きます。
ご存知の通り、日本では左は格上の位置に当たります
我々の主食であるお米は、昔からとても貴重なものとされてきた証拠ですね。
昔から日本人は箸を使ってきましたので、この習慣は深く根付いています。
恐らく千年先も同じ様にしているでしょう。

そう思いませんか。
貴方の國では、伝統的なテーブルマナーはありますか。
ぜひ教えて下さい。

Pocket

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Miki

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Comment You may leave a comment or image below.

  1. AvatarAnonymous says:

    We also pray for the food/ blessings before eating. Nowadays, people tend to take pictures of the food first, for posting on social media, before eating. After eating, pictures are again taken to show that they are full and are satisfied (with matching smiles on their faces).

    +1
    • MikiMiki says:

      Thank you for leaving your comment ^^/
      Do you also pray for the food? Wonderful! What a coincidence!
      I’m just curious that what kind of ethnic group or the nation does the same way…,if you don’t mind to answer.

      Same here! Posting food photos on social media seems to be popular across the world.

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  2. AvatarAnonymous says:

    I like the thought that chopsticks serve as a bridge between the natural and physical world. We also believe that food is sacred because it is a gift from God. My grandma used to tell us that for every grain of rice left on one’s plate, one has to spend a year in purgatory.

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    • MikiMiki says:

      Thank you for leaving your comment ^^/!
      I’m glad that we have the same belief, even though our God/Kami are different.
      What a coincidence!
      My mother also told me the similar thing that if one left a grain of rice on one’s bowl, one’s eye would lose one’s eyesight.
      Both seem to teach us that we should appreciate food and the farmers who produce them.

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